The death of the Queen exposed many deficiencies in the British system of government which were overlooked because of her overwhelming stature and the length of her reign. There were indications of the fallacy of the British system, like BREXIT, but they were overlooked and explained away by equally fallacious justifications. The reality is that a Constitutional Monarchy is a fallacy and doesn’t meet any of the necessary requirements to constitute a democratic or republican form of government. The reasons for this misconception are simple; we have forgotten the most basic principles of government, the first is the purpose of government, which requires that we define what is being governed and what is the governor. This too is very simple to elucidate by a simple consideration of what constitutes a legislative assembly. There are two forms of assembly; a general assembly and a legislative assembly, a general assembly is only to meet to discuss matters of a common interest, a legislative assembly is to identify those matters of a common interest that require a collective decision or a collective choice. In a general assembly no decisions or choices can be made because the process for making decisions has not been established and agreed to by all those that are assembled. A legislative assembly, on the other hand, has the necessary processes in place to identify and rank choices that are then considered by those assembled and determine a choice by a predetermined majority consensus of those assembled. There are three components to a legislative process, first the question must be put, then the choices must be identified and ranked to form a ballot of top choices for the assembly to consider, then the choice must be determined by a vote of the members, 1 vote per member, and a majority of all the members is necessary to the choice. This is the most basic definition of a “Consensus Choice” legislative process. The first two components are the responsibility of a quorum of those assembled, which requires an agreement to the number of members as a percentage of the assembly are necessary to operate the assembly and a legislative assembly, what’s necessary to introduce a question, i.e. proposal and seconding, what’s necessary to form the cost/benefit relationships necessary to rank valid choices, and the number of top choices which will be considered by all those who are assembled; the final component which is the deliberation of those top choices and the determination of the choice by vote, 1 vote per member, and a predetermined majority consensus of all the members is necessary to that choice, not just a majority of those present. When we consider this model of a legislative assembly, we find that the people are not governed, the collective decision making of the people is what is being governed, and the legislative process to reach a majority consensus for assent to a measure is the governor. This legislative process must then be formalized in a constitution to render the assembly, distribution of power through rights of suffrage, what constitutes a quorum to operate, and what constitutes a majority consensus, unalterable by any means, once this agreement is formed, it then requires a similar agreement of all the members to alter, which removes the legislative process from any agreement for amendment of the primary agreement which may have a lower threshold for quorum and majority consensus. A “constitution” is the result of a participation versus compliance agreement which establishes the benefits, privileges, rights of participation in decision making, and cost of membership in the resulting union, association, assembly, etc., and these basic principles, or laws, are unalterable by any means, which is why the Articles of the Constitution of the United States cannot be altered or amended, and why the “Bill of Rights” amended the Constitution by addition and did not alter any of the Articles of the Constitution of the United States. Now that we have a definition for a legislative process to make collective decisions, we can decide the form of legislative assembly. “A Democracy” is a legislative assembly, “Democracy” is how that legislative assembly is formed and now it functions, and “Consensus Choice” is the legislative process which governs how the legislative assembly functions. When the members are assembled as equals with equal suffrage to participate in the legislative assembly and reach a majority consensus of all the members, that constitutes a democracy, regardless if the members are a discrete group or all the people, and as such, must conform to the quorum and majority consensus requirements of all the members to constitute and operate as a legislative assembly. When the number of members of a democracy becomes large and there is disparity between the members in their populations, wealth, or other demographic factors, then a system of representation must be used to normalize the members based upon a common factor, i.e. the population of each member, which constitutes a republican form of government. The members of the association, therefore, must be identified first, and it’s the members which must agree unanimously on those characteristics of their assembly which constitute their participation versus compliance agreement which is then formalized in a Constitution making their agreement unalterable. Notice, laws which govern how the members of the assembly interact with each other to form and maintain their union are not part of the constitution, they are determined by the assembly governed by the legislative process to reach a majority consensus of all the members. The Constitution is no more, and no less, than the Blueprints and Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for how to assemble the government, and how to operate the government, meaning the laws that are made by a properly assembled and operated legislative assembly cannot be unconstitutional, only how the legislative assembly is formed and operated can be unconstitutional. This is important because when we consider the judicial responsibility of government, it’s not to determine the constitutionality of laws, it’s only for conflict and dispute resolution between the members, and for the members to petition for redress of their grievances when properly legislated laws disenfranchise or otherwise disproportionately effect a member, or members. It’s not the law, it’s how the laws are made and by whom which is important. We now have everything we need to design, assemble, and operate any collective governing system, and to appoint civil officers to preside, represent, and operate that governing system. But notice, there are no parties or individuals empowered to make decisions, lead or govern, in a collective governing system, only the assembly of the members is empowered as the sovereign, and only the assembly is the Established Government Authority which must make all collective decisions governed by the legislative processes agreed to reach a majority consensus of all the members. The most basic collective decisions are those of a free and independent State; levying war, concluding peace, contracting alliances, establishing commerce, and any other acts and things which an independent state may by right do, and this is a constant regardless if the state is a republic or a democracy, however the only republican form of government which meets this requirement is a Confederated (compound) Republic, which has a democracy which has the power of concurrence over all laws and all treaties. This is why in the United States we have two federal government systems which operate independently and simultaneously in congress, the first is a Confederated Republic which manages how the States interact with each other through laws to form and maintain the Union, and the second is a Confederacy, a discrete democracy, which manages how the Union interacts with foreign nations and entities through treaties. The Confederated Republic is assembled as a bicameral legislature where the States are assembled by their proportion of the aggregate population of the country in the Most Numerous Legislative Branch, forming “The People in their Collective Capacity”, and the States are assembled as equals with equal suffrage by the confederate principle in an equal branch for concurrence on the measures identified and agreed to by the popular branch. This forms an iterative legislative process where choices are identified and ranked by the popular branch, which gives the largest States control over the scope and cost of all measures under consideration, but it gives the small more numerous States the power of concurrence for assent to those measures. The 9 largest States can pass any measure out of the House based upon their proportional suffrage, however, when those measures are transmitted to the Senate there are 41 States to reject those measures returning them to the House for reconsideration along with amendments to advise the House what would be necessary to garner the concurrence of those measures in the Senate. The Confederate assembly is a unicameral legislative assembly, all the States are assembled as equals with equal suffrage to reach a predetermined majority consensus of all the States as the Union, which is why the Confederate assembly, as assembled by the Articles of Confederation, still exist and is still in operation to make the decisions of a free and independent state, and why the Constitution of the United States was written to address the disparity which existed between the States in their population and wealth to normalize the States by a common factor, each State’s proportion of the aggregate population of the Union, which formed a “More Perfect Union” which was more equal and more equitable, and also provides legislative checks and balances to protect both the interest of the large and small States. Now we can answer the question of what constitutes a Constitutional Monarchy, and why that Monarch initially must be Prince Harry. The first decision which must be made is what constitutes a member of the legislative assembly, then we can determine how those members are assembled, the distribution of power through rights of suffrage, what constitutes a quorum to operate the assembly, what constitutes a majority consensus of the members for assent, and the roles and responsibilities of the civil officers who serve in that governing system. To simplify this analysis I will just be considering England as the free and independent State, but this model may be expanded to include additional territories under Great Britain or even Great Britain’s participation in the EU. I have tabulated the counties 84 of England, as I found them on Wikipedia, along with the census data as an enumeration to determine the whole number of representatives each county would be entitled in the Most Numerous Legislative Branch, and form each county to have 1 representative in an equal branch. As you can see, that by using a representative density of 1 representative for every 40,000 persons who reside in each county, we calculate a whole number of representatives as 1358 for the popular branch, and 84 for the equal branch, which is a number which equals the current number of representatives in the House of Commons and House of Lords, which is currently 1439. It wasn’t my intention to maintain the same number as currently serve in the British Parliament, but I chose the representative density based upon the smallest county by population which is just under the representative density, the proportionality constant, so that I could illustrate the calculation of the whole number of representatives as an example.
To calculate the whole number of representative apportioned to each county based upon an enumeration, you must have a current census, a proportionality constant, and boundary conditions to address any fractional representatives calculated when the population is divided by the proportionality constant. The proportionality constant I chose was 1:40,000, the first boundary condition is not to exceed the proportionality constant, which requires all calculated fractional representatives to be truncated because rounding up will exceed the proportionality constant, the second boundary condition addresses the specific condition where a county has a population less than the proportionality constant, which will only calculate a fractional representative which will be truncated by the first boundary condition leaving that county with no representation, and in that specific case, that county is entitled to 1 representative. When you review the above table, you will find that the county of Rutland has 39,697 inhabitants, which is less than the proportionality constant of 40,000, which calculates a fractional representative of 0.992425 which would be truncated by the first boundary condition leaving Rutland with zero representatives, and therefore Rutland is entitled to 1 representative by the second boundary condition. To force each county to choose their representatives to form an exact representation of the population of each county, the requirement that each county must itself be a Republican Form of Government, which requires assembly of the Most Numerous Legislative Branch of each county by the Republican Principle of per capita apportionment based upon an enumeration, which would require each county to form “The People of each county in their Collective Capacity” by choosing a representative density to qualify the process and electorate for that purpose, then that qualified process and electorate must be used to form each counties representative delegation in the British Parliament using the proportionality constant of 1:40,000. This forms both the county and national Most Numerous legislative Branches as “The People in their Collective Capacity. The choice of representatives of each county in the equal branch must then be made by the People of each County in their Collective Capacity by a “Consensus Choice” Process. In “Consensus Choice” those making the Choice must also provide the choices. This means that every representative in the Most Numerous Legislative Branch of each county may nominate a unique person, then those identified persons are ranked, the top persons on that ranked list form a ballot for consideration by the members of the county’s Most Numerous Legislative Branch, the qualifications and suitability of those top candidates are deliberated and the members determine a choice by vote, 1 vote per member, and a majority of all the members is necessary to the choice of that counties representative in the equal branch. Only the counties are members of the assembly, only the counties are apportioned representation and suffrage in the assembly, only the counties can form a quorum to operate the assembly to identify and rank choices and form a ballot for the counties to consider, and only the counties can form a majority consensus of all the members, the counties, for assent to any measure. Now that we have identified the members, distributed power through rights of suffrage based upon assembly, we can now decide the design of the legislative assembly, how those assemblies function, and the civil officers necessary to preside over, and operate, the system, this is where the Monarchy will be defined, and how that Monarch would be selected. Q: Does the United States Governing System need a President? A: The easy answer is No! The United States Governing System doesn’t require a President, a Vice President as the President of the Senate, a Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, or a Speaker of the House, and definitely not Majority and Minority Leaders in the Senate. The question then becomes; if we don’t need them, why do we have them? Here again, the easy answer is to preside over and protect the system to ensure that the system is properly assembled and functions properly as established by the Constitution of the United States. [Article 2 Section 1 Clause 6 Before he enter on the Execution of his Office, he shall take the following Oath or Affirmation:—"I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the Office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my Ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States."To understand this we will Start with the Vice President as the President of the Senate, which is the most important and most powerful civil officer we have in our governing system. Presidents preside, they do not participate! That’s the first concept that we all must totally understand. What that means is that the President doesn’t participate in making decisions, or making policy, or even proposing policy, the President of the Senate only makes it possible for the system to function to make those decisions, which makes the President of the Senate’s sole responsibility to ensure that congress is properly assembled and that congress functions properly as a legislative assembly governed by legislative processes to reach a majority consensus of all the States as the Union.] To understand this oath it is first necessary to understand the difference between the United States and The United States of America. The United States is the Union assembled in congress, the united States, in congress assembled, and “The United States of America” is the name of the country as established by Article 1 of the Articles of Confederation. Also “to constitute” means to form or assemble, therefore, The Constitution of the United States refers to how assemble and operate congress as a legislative assembly, so when the President make the oath of office, they are swearing to protect the assembly and function of congress as a legislative assembly governed by legislative processes to reach a majority consensus of all the States as the Union, not the document which establishes that assembly. To Constitute means to form or assemble, and the only thing formed and assembled by the Constitution of the United States is congress as a legislative assembly of the States governed by legislative processes to reach a majority consensus of all the States as the Union and Established Government Authority. That means that if Congress is not assembled properly, or doesn’t function properly, then the single person with the authority to resolve that problem is the President of the Senate. The President of the Senate is empowered to take any actions what so ever that are necessary to return the system to compliance with the Constitution of the United States, which includes razing the entire system and taking any additional measures to operate an interim government while the government is reassembled as established by the Constitution of the United States, that includes razing congress, the executive departments, and the judicial departments, and there’s absolutely nothing anyone can do to interfere or prevent these measures, because the President of the Senate is the Person of authority, but as I said earlier, Presidents preside, they do not participate, so the President can not appoint themselves to be the interim governing authority, or make any decisions for the United States, they can only form a legislative assembly of the States for that purpose, i.e. “A Committee of the States” , 1 representative per State, then that assembly of the States can decide how to proceed and the time frame necessary to raze and reassemble the Government, with the President of the Senate ensuring that that process conforms with the Constitution of the United States. The President of the United States has a much more insignificant role in our government. Congress, and more specifically the Senate, establishes all executive departments which the States as the Union determine to be necessary to manage the general affairs of the government under the Senate’s direction, the President’s role is to oversee those departments and act as an interface between those departments and the Senate, the President presides, they do not participate, meaning the limits of their authority is to require in writing the opinion of the principal officers of the executive departments relating to the Subjects of the Duties of their respective offices, and an opinion is not the specific details of those subjects and duties. Which means that the President of the United States cannot be exposed to, or possess, any sensitive information or documents, that information is always under the control of the States as they are assembled in congress as the Union, and likewise the President of the Senate cannot possess any of those documents either, although they are exposed to the contents of the documents and other sensitive information during the normal course of the proceedings as they are being considered in the Senate. The President of the United States also receives foreign dignitaries as the representative of the united States, in congress assembled, and as such, may entertain discussions on any subject raised by those dignitaries, however the President does not have the authority to speak, even generally, as to the position of the United States, unless first receiving the consent of the Senate, and the advice of the Senate for the parameters of those discussions or negotiations, and the President definitely can’t come to any agreement which is not determined by the Senate which meets those parameters. The President of the United States also only provides a list of qualified and suitable candidates to fill vacancies as they occur, however, the number of candidates and the requirements those candidates must meet, are determined by the States as they are assembled in the Senate, then the States as the Union deliberate those candidates qualifications and suitability then determine a choice by vote, 1 vote per State, and a majority of the States is necessary to the choice, after the choice has been determined, then the President is empowered to appoint that person to fill that vacancy. Even the presidential veto is not an absolute negative on legislation passed by congress, it is for review and reconsideration, meaning it’s the President’s responsibility to review the legislation, determine if there are any problems or concerns with the legislation or how it is to be implemented, and return the legislation to congress with those justifications for their reconsideration, and again, congress determines what constitutes a valid justification for a veto, and if the President does not meat that requirement, then the legislation becomes law after the specified time limitations for returning the legislation to congress for reconsideration. The last responsibility of the President of the United States is to be the interface between the implementation of legislation and congress, a feedback control, where legislation is formed to address a specific problem, when that legislation is implemented then the President gives a review to congress as to whether or not it addresses the problem as intended, and if it needs further amendment to function properly, this also includes matters that are necessary and expedient that need the consideration of congress on any matter, and if the President, or the principle executive department heads, do not fully understand the intent of the law, or how it is to be implemented, then the President consults congress for their consideration, then once clarification is given, the President transmits that information to the department which is empowered to implement that law through an executive order. The Chief Justice of the United States has a strictly presiding role, and they also do not participate in any of the decisions of the court. The requirement is that a pool of no less than 7 and no more than 9 judges are to be continually seated for 5 to be chosen by lot by the litigants of any dispute to hear and decide the matter as the last resort upon appeal, the Chief Justice is not one of that number, just like the President of the Senate is not one of the Senators, the Chief Justice is only there to ensure that the court functions properly, because the States have already agreed to comply with the decisions of the court to resolve their conflicts and disputes. If there is a vacancy from that pool of justices, then that information must be transmitted to the Senate which in turn will transmit that information to the President of the United States to provide a list of nominees for them to consider, and again, that number of nominees and the qualifications each must possess are determined by the Senate, not the President, and once those nominees qualifications and suitability are deliberated, the States make the choice by vote, 1 vote per State, and a majority of the States is necessary to the choice, after that choice is made, the President is empowered to appoint that person to fill that vacancy. The Speaker of the House is not a position of authority, and definitely is not the leader of the majority political party, the speaker is exactly what the word would suggest, they transmit information between the House and the Senate, no more no less. Congress is an assembly of the States, whether that is in a unicameral or bicameral assembly, there are no seats which can be won, the composition and apportionment of suffrage for the States to participate in Congress is specified unalterably by the Constitution of the United States, and the Most Numerous Legislative Branch is assembled in a manner which addresses reassessment of that apportionment due to population growth and migration between the States, that’s why we require a new census every 10 years for redistribution of that representation and suffrage in the House of Representatives. This should make it clear what government officers are needed to preside over the system. Which also means there is a lot of latitude for the role of the Monarchy in a British system which is assembled in this manner. The thing we must remember is that Presidents preside, they do not participate. The Chief Justice is the easiest to determine, meaning the Chief Executive and the Chief Legislator cannot also be the Chief Justice, but it’s a matter of preference to what the duties of the other officers would be, I would suggest to begin with that the Monarch must be the equivalent of our President of the Senate to ensure that the government is assembled and functions properly as established by the constitution, that would leave Head of State and Chief Executive, where the Monarch could also be the Head of State to receive foreign dignitaries and be the face of the Country, whereas the Chief Executive would concentrate on review and implementation of policy and giving feedback to the legislature, as well as alerting the legislature for matters that may need their immediate consideration. This is why the Monarch must be a person like Harry, mostly because he wouldn’t want the job, which would make him the perfect person because he would not try to assume powers outside the role as established, and it wouldn’t necessarily be a permanent position, Harry could abdicate once the system was operating as intended, and the counties could choose another of the Royal Family, by consensus choice not by place in line for the throne, that way everyone would be in agreement with that monarch and their duties. I would think that they could even go outside the royal family if none were qualified and suitable for the position, but that would be the choice of the British people for how they would like to continue their Monarchy, if that is important to them. My reference to the EU was that it is not formed by a participation versus compliance agreement, which means that the benefits, privileges, rights of participation in decision making, and cost of membership in the Union are not established unalterably, and the members are not specified, and therefore there is no Established Government Authority, which by definition is anarchy. BREXIT was necessary, because Britain did not have equal representation and suffrage in the EU, and seats won by parties is not the same, the composition and distribution of power through rights of suffrage must be specified, not mutable and arbitrary based upon competitive partisan elections.
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